Title:  Stable water-in-oil emulsions containing an emulsifier on oleyl-and/or isostearyl-glycoside

United States Patent:  6,488,946

Issued:  December 3, 2002

Inventors:  Milius; Alain (Nice, FR); Roso; Alicia (Saix, FR); Michel; Nelly (Maisons Alfort, FR)

Assignee:  Societe d'Exploitation de Produits pour les Industries (Paris Cedex, FR)

Appl. No.:  936695

Filed:  September 17, 2001

PCT Filed:  September 28, 2000

PCT NO:  PCT/FR00/00656

371 Date:  March 17, 2000

The present invention relates to novel stable <<water-in-oil>> emulsions containing 5 to 70% by weight of an aqueous phase 20 to 90% by weight of a fatty phase; and 3 to 25% by weight of an emulsifier comprising 10 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably 10 to 40% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of an oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3 and an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and 90 to 10% by weight, preferably 90 to 50% by weight, and more preferably 90 to 60% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol and optionally 0 to 10% by weight of a co-emulsifier; 0 to 10% by weight of a stabiliser. Application: Cosmetic industry.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Thus, according to a first aspect, the object of the present invention is novel stable <<water-in-oil>> emulsions, containing:

5 to 75% by weight of an aqueous phase;

20 to 90% by weight of a fatty phase; and

3 to 25% by weight of an emulsifier comprising:

10 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably 10 to 40% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of an oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3 and an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and

90 to 10% by weight, preferably 90 to 50% by weight, and more preferably 90 to 60% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol

and optionally:

0 to 10% by weight of a co-emulsifier;

0 to 10% by weight of a stabiliser.

Advantageously, the novel water-in-oil emulsions in accordance with the present invention contain

10 to 70% by weight of an aqueous phase

25 to 60% by weight of a fatty phase; and

5 to 15% by weight of an emulsifier comprising

10 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably 10 to 40% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of an oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3 and an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and

90 to 10% by weight, preferably 90 to 50% by weight, and more preferably 90 to 60% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol and optionally:

0 to 10% by weight of a co-emulsifier;

0 to 5% by weight of a stabiliser.

Stable water-in-oil emulsions which are particularly preferred within the context of the present invention contain:

10 to 25% by weight of an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and

90 to 75% by weight of an isostearyl alcohol.

Within the context of the present description, the expressions "oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3" and "isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3", are understood as meaning compounds of formula:

RO(G)_x

in which:

R represents an oleyl and isostearyl radical, respectively, and

x represents a number between 1 and 3;

G represents a reducing glycopyranose or glycofuranose residue and preferably a glucose residue.

Advantageously, the degree of polymerisation of these alkyl glycosides represented by x is of between 1.05 and 2.5; and more preferably, between 1.1 and 2.

The alkyl glycosides used within the context of the present invention as emulsifiers are compounds the alkyl radicals of which are defined as indicated above.

However, these compounds are not always pure.

They can in fact further contain minor proportions of compounds of the same nature the alkyl radicals of which comprise a longer and/or shorter chain, such compounds originating especially from fatty acids generally of natural or synthetic origin which are used as starting material for the synthesis of these compounds.

The term <<minor proportion>> is understood as meaning a maximum combined amount of 5% by weight, and preferably of 1% by weight with respect to the total weight of the alkyl glycosides mentioned above.

The compositions based on isostearyl glycoside and isostearyl alcohol have proved to be particularly interesting as an emulsifier for preparing stable water-in-oil emulsions.

The expression <<mixture in any proportion>> is thus understood to cover the use of oleyl glycoside or isostearyl glycoside alone, i.e. mixtures are made which comprise 0 to 100% by weight of both of the constituents mentioned above.

The compositions based on oleyl glycoside and/or isostearyl glycoside and oleyl alcohol and/or isostearyl alcohol used as an emulsifier within the context of the present invention can be prepared by simply mixing their constituents in the pre-determined proportions sought after.

On an industrial scale, they will be prepared preferably according to one of the two routes classically used for the synthesis of alkyl polyglycosides, and notably by reaction, in an acid medium, between the corresponding fatty alcohol(s), and a saccharide having an anomeric OH group, such as glucose or dextrose.

Such synthetic routes are well known and have been widely described in the literature and in particular in the documents cited in the introduction.

If need be, it will be possible for this synthesis to be completed by operations of neutralisation, filtration, distillation or partial extraction of the excess fatty alcohol, or of discoloration.

In general, the novel emulsions in accordance with the present invention contain 20 to 90% by weight, preferably 20 to 60% by weight of a fatty or oily phase.

This fatty phase can be constituted by one or more oils selected from the following oils

oils of plant origin, such as sweet almond oil, coconut oil, castor oil, jojoba oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, groundnut oil, sunflower oil, wheat germ oil, maize germ oil, soya oil, cotton oil, lucerne oil, poppy oil, marrow oil, evening primrose oil, millet oil, barley oil, rye oil, safflower oil, canelle nut tree oil, passionflower oil, hazelnut oil, palm oil, shea butter, apricot stone oil, Alexandria laurel tree oil, sysymbrium oil, avocado oil, calendula oil;

modified plant oils such as the products known under INCI designations Apricot Kernel Oil PEG-6 esters and Olive Oil PEG-6 esters;

oils of natural origin, such as perhydrosqualene, squalene;

mineral oils, such as liquid paraffin, and mineral oils, notably originating from petroleum fractions, such as isoparaffins, having a boiling point between 300 and 400^oC.;

synthetic oils, notably fatty acid esters such as butyl myristate, propyl myristate, cetyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, butyl stearate, hexadecyl stearate, isopropyl stearate, octyl stearate, isocetyl stearate, dodecyl oleate, hexyl laurate, propylene glycol dicaprylate, ester derivatives of lanolic acid, such as isopropyl lanolate, isocetyl lanolate, monoglycerides, triglycerides such as glycerol triheptanoate, alkylbenzoates, isoparaffins, polyalphaolefins, polyolefins, such as polyisobutylene, synthetic isoalkanes such as isohexadecane, isododecane, perfluorinated oils, and silicone oils. Amongst the latter oils, dimethyl polysiloxanes, methylphenylpolysi loxanes, amine-modified silicones, fatty acid-modified silicones, alcohol-modified silicones, alcohol- and fatty acid-modified silicones, polyether group-modified silicones, epoxy-modified silicones, fluoro group-modified silicones, cyclic silicones, and alkyl group-modified silicones, may be more particularly cited.

This fatty phase can also contain one or more compounds selected from the fatty acids, fatty alcohols, waxes of natural or synthetic origin, and even more generally any fatty body of plant, animal or synthetic origin.

In general, the emulsions in accordance with the present invention contain 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 10 to 70% by weight, of a hydrophilic phase which is essentially constituted of water and optionally a hydrophilic solvent, such as glycerine for example.

The emulsions in accordance with the present invention can also contain, optionally, up to 100% by weight of a co-emulsifier and up to 100% by weight of a stabiliser.

Amongst the co-emulsifying agents which can be used within the context of the present invention, mention will be made especially of lipoamino acids and their salts, lipopeptides and their salts, non-ionic and anionic silicone emulsifiers, esters of sorbitan, esters of polyglycerol, hydrogenated ethoxylated castor oil, glycerol stearate, polyglycol polyhydroxystearates such as the product designated as HYPERMER.RTM. for example, ethoxylated plant oils, methyl esters of ethoxylated plant oils, ethoxylated sorbitan esters such as the products marketed under the designation POLYSORBATE 81.RTM., POLYSORBATE 61.RTM. and POLYSORBATE 21.RTM. for example; acylates of proteins which are weakly ethoxylated (with 1 to 3 EO groups); cationic emulsifiers such as aminoxides, quaternium 82 and surfactants described in patent application WO 96/00719 and mainly those the fatty chain of which comprises at least 16 carbon atoms; sucrose esters, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated methyl glucoside esters; ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated fatty alcohols; anionic emulsifiers such as decyl phosphate or cetearyl sulphate.

Advantageously, a sorbitan ester, particularly such as a sorbitan oleate in particular will be used within the context of the present invention as co-emulsifier.

Amongst the stabilising agents which can be used within the context of the present invention, mention may be made of hydrogenated castor oil, plant waxes such as, for example, beeswax and carnauba wax, stearic acid, aluminium polyoxystearate, such as, for example, the product marketed under the designation MANALOX.RTM., magnesium stearate, aluminium stearate, hydrophobic silicas, polyethylene glycol-alkyl glycol copolymers, polymers such as the products marketed under the designation KRATON.RTM. by the company SHELL CHEMICALS, mineral waxes such as ozokerite.

Advantageously, the stabilising agent will be a polyethylene glycol-dodecyl glycol copolymer, notably PEG-45 dodecyl glycol copolymer, such as the product marketed under the designation ELFACOS ST 9 .RTM., by the company AKZO NOBEL.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, use will be made as co-emulsifier and stabiliser of a mixture of beeswax, hydrogenated castor oil, stearic acid and sorbitan oleate, particularly such as the product marketed under the designation MONTANE.RTM. 481, by the company SEPPIC.

It will be possible for the stable water-in-oil emulsions in accordance with the invention to be prepared by simple dispersion, at a temperature of between 15^oC. and 85^oC., of the aqueous phase in the fatty phase, in the presence of the emulsifier, and optionally of the co-emulsifier and/or of the stabiliser, these latter compounds being generally present within the fatty phase.

In a way known per se, these emulsions can further comprise one or more compounds selected from moisteners, such as, for example, glycerine, preservatives, such as, for example, the products known under the designation SEPICIDE.RTM., colorants, perfumes, cosmetic active principles, mineral or organic solar filters, mineral fillers such as iron oxides, titanium oxides and talc, synthetic fillers such as nylons and micropearls and plant extracts.

It will be possible for these compounds to be introduced into the aqueous phase or into the fatty phase, according to their affinity for these phases, be it during the dispersion phase mentioned above, or in relation to compounds which are sensitive to temperature, afterwards during the cooling phase in the case in which the dispersion is carried out in the hot.

According to a second aspect, the object of the present invention is the use of a composition comprising:

10 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 50% by weight and more preferably 10 to 40% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of an oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3 and an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and

90 to 10% by weight, preferably 90 to 50% by weight, and more preferably 90 to 60% by weight of a mixture in any proportion of oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol as an emulsifier intended for the preparation of a stable water-in-oil emulsion.

Claim 1 of 32 Claims

What is claimed is:

1. Stable water-in-oil emulsion comprising:

5 to 75% by weight of an aqueous phase;

20 to 90% by weight of a fatty phase; and

3 to 25% by weight of an emulsifier comprising:

10 to 90% by weight, of a mixture of an oleyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3 and an isostearyl glycoside having a degree of polymerisation of between 1 and 3; and

90 to 10% by weight of a mixture of oleyl alcohol and isostearyl alcohol.
 

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