Synthetic peptides of the monomer type with 13 to 33 amino acids, in linear form or in a form cyclized by means of inter-cysteine disulphide bridges, have the general formula (I): .DELTA.-Z-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSer-.OMEGA. (I) wherein .DELTA. is a biotinyl radical, a biocytinyl radical, a hydrogen atom, an acetyl (CH.sub.3CO--) radical, an aliphatic chain which may contain one or two thiol, an aldehyde functional group, or an amine functional group, Z represents peptide sequence -.XI..sub.1-Ser-.XI..sub.2-, -.XI..sub.1-Gln-.XI..sub.2-, or -.XI..sub.1-Asn-.XI..sub.2-, wherein -.XI..sub.1 represents a peptide sequence of 0 to 9 amino acids and -.XI..sub.2 represents a peptide sequence of 0 to 5 amino acids, .THETA. is -Arg Gly Arg Leu Ile-(SEQ ID NO: 15), -Arg Gly Arg Leu Val-(SEQ ID NO: 16), -Arg Gly Lys Leu Ile- (SEQ ID NO: 17), -Arg Gly Lys Leu Val-(SEQ ID NO: 18), -Lys Gly Arg Leu Ile-(SEQ ID NO: 19), or -Lys Gly Arg Leu Val-(SEQ ID NO: 20), .OMEGA., attached to the --CO-- group of serine, is a hydroxyl (--OH) radical, an amino (--NH.sub.2) radical, an alkoxy radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a peptide sequence of formula Val-.SIGMA.-.PSI. wherein .SIGMA. represents a sequence of formula -(AA.sub.1)-Trp Asn-(AA.sub.2)-(AA.sub.3) wherein (AA.sub.1) represents an amino acid different from lysine, (AA.sub.2) represents an amino acid, and (AA.sub.3) is serine or a threonine residue, and .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of the free AA.sub.3 amino acid, is OH, NH.sub.2, or an alkoxy radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and a peptide sequence of formula -Val-.PSI. wherein .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of valine, is OH, NH.sub.2, or an alkoxy radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

The invention relates to synthetic peptides which can be used in biological tests for the detection of infections due to the group O HIV-1 viruses, to the method for preparing them, to compositions and kits containing such peptides and to the biological tests using such peptides.

Group O HIV-1 retroviruses are known in the prior art. Patent EP 0,345,375 and patent application EP 0,657,532 describe the ANT 70 and ANT 70 NA isolates isolated from Cameroonian patients. These documents describe more precisely antigens and antigenic compositions containing lysates or proteins of these isolates, the nucleic acids corresponding to the genomic RNA, hybridization method using these nucleic acids, methods of producing the isolates indicated above as well as methods of preparing p12, p16, p25, gp41 and gp120 proteins of these retroviruses.

Application EP 0,591,914 describes the MVP 5180/91 isolate. This isolate, characterized by Western blotting, exhibits, like the previous isolate, differences in relation to the HIV-1 retrovirus isolates which have been known for a long time. Application EP 0,591,914 describes precisely the DNA sequence of the MVP 5180/91 isolate and indicates precisely the location of the gag, pol and env genes. Application EP 0,591,914 further describes synthetic peptides of the V3 loop as well as the immunodominant region (gp41). They are useful for biological tests, in particular for the in vitro detection of group O HIV-1 antibodies.

Application EP 0,673,948 describes synthetic or recombinant peptides consisting of 15 to 50 amino acids (AA) and comprising the sequence -VWGIRQLRARLQALETLIQNQQRLNLWGXKGKLIXYTSVKWNTSWSGR-(SEQ ID NO:22) in which X represents either a cysteine residue, or a serine residue. These peptides are useful in the diagnostic field for the detection of infections due to certain group O HIV-1 retrovirus isolates.

Application EP 0,727,483 is also known which describes the MVP 2901/94 isolate which also forms part of the retroviruses belonging to the group O HIV-1 family. This application describes certain antigens having well-determined peptide sequences. These peptide sequences correspond to part of the sequence of gp120 and part of gp41 (immunodominant region) of the MVP 2901/94 isolate.

Application WO 96/12809 describes two new isolates belonging to the group O HIV-1 family. They are the VAU and DUR isolates. This application describes certain peptide sequences derived from the two viruses cited above, which are useful for the detection of antibodies recognizing the HIV-1 VAU or DUR peptide sequences.

Application WO 96/32293 describes two antigens derived from the sequence of the ANT 70 isolate. They are the antigen called MDL061 and the antigen MDL056, of the immunodominant region of gp41. According to this invention, to detect 100% of the samples of a limited collection of sera from patients infected with the group O HIV-1 virus, it is necessary to use compositions containing these two peptides, since each isolated peptide does not allow, on its own, satisfactory results to be obtained.

Indeed, it is practically impossible, in the light of the genetic variability shown by the isolates of the group O virus, to guarantee serological screening of individuals infected by the use of antigens derived from the same and sole isolate. This means that it is not possible to obtain reagents which guarantee 100% sensitivity. The 0 group thus raises, for the first time, a major problem; it is the inability of certain serological reagents to recognize individuals infected with particularly divergent groups or subtypes. This is precisely the case for the group O HIV-1 viruses.

Application WO 96/40763 also stresses the great divergence of the O group. This application describes peptides which incorporate, into a natural HIV-1 type B sequence, a few minor modifications (replacement of one or two amino acids). According to this application, these hybrid peptides are capable of reacting with anti-group O antibodies.

Application WO 96/27013 describes a series of new group O HIV-1 viruses designated BCF 01, BCF 02, BCF 03, BCF06, BCF 07, BCF 08, BCF09, BCF11, BCF12, BCF13 and BCF14 as well as a series of peptides of the corresponding gp41 dominant region which are called ESS/BCF02, FAN/BCF01, LOB/BCF06, MAN/BCF07, NKO/BCF08, POC/BCF03, NAN/BCF11, BCF09, BCF12, BCF13 and BCF14. A number of these peptides are difficult to handle in diagnosis because of their low solubility, especially the peptide BCF13.

Unexpectedly, it has now been found that certain synthetic peptides are diagnostic reagents of superior quality and they make it possible to satisfactorily screen patients infected with group O HIV-1 retroviruses. These peptides are composed of variable sequences articulated around highly conserved short sequences, which are present in isolates of the group O HIV-1 retroviruses. The peptides of the invention make it possible to obtain results which are quite superior to those obtained with synthetic peptides carrying immunodominant epitopes of the gp41 (env) of certain group O HIV-1 isolates.

Subsequently, to name the amino acids, the three-letter nomenclature will be used.

The synthetic peptides of the invention correspond to the general formula (I): (various regions of SEQ ID NOS 1-16, respectively) .DELTA.-Z-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSer-.OMEGA. (I) in which: .DELTA. represents a biotinyl radical, a biocytinyl radical, a hydrogen atom, an acetyl (CH.sub.3CO--) radical, an aliphatic chain which may contain one or two thiol, aldehyde or amine functional groups, the aliphatic chain preferably being an alkyl chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl chain of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aminoalkylcarbonyl chain of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, Z represents a peptide sequence of one of the formulae (II) to (X): -.XI..sub.1Ser-.XI..sub.2- (II) -Ser-.XI..sub.2- (III) -.XI..sub.1-Ser- (IV) -.XI..sub.1-Gln-.XI..sub.2- (V) -Gln-.XI..sub.2- (VI) -.XI..sub.1-Gln- (VII) -.XI..sub.1-Asn-.XI..sub.2- (VIII) -Asn-.XI..sub.2- (IX) -.XI..sub.1-Asn- (X) in which: .XI..sub.1 represents a peptide sequence of 0 to 9 amino acids and .XI..sub.2 represents a peptide sequence of 0 to 5 amino acids, .THETA. represents a peptide sequence of formula (XI): -(AA.sub.1)-(AA.sub.2)-(AA.sub.3)-(AA.sub.4)-(AA.sub.5)- (XI) in which: (AA.sub.1) represents either a lysine residue, or an arginine residue, or an ornithine residue, (AA.sub.2) represents either a glycine residue, or an asparagine residue, (AA.sub.3) represents either a lysine residue, or an arginine residue, or an ornithine residue, (AA.sub.4) represents either a leucine residue, or an alanine residue, or an isoleucine residue, or a glutamine residue, (AA.sub.5) represents either an isoleucine residue, or a valine residue, or a leucine residue, or a threonine residue, or a norleucine residue, or a norvaline residue, provided, however, that (AA.sub.1), (AA.sub.2), (AA.sub.3), (AA.sub.4) and (AA.sub.5) never form together the peptide sequences -Lys Gly Lys Leu Ile-(SEQ ID NO: 17) and -Lys Gly Lys Leu Val-(SEQ ID NO: 18), .OMEGA., attached to the --CO-- group of serine, represents: a hydroxyl (--OH) radical or an amino (--NH.sub.2) radical, an alkoxy radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a peptide sequence of formula (XII): -Val-.SIGMA.-.PSI. (XII) in which .SIGMA. represents a sequence of formula (XIII) or of formula (XIV): -(AA.sub.6)-Trp Asn-(AA.sub.7)-(AA.sub.8) (XIII) -(AA.sub.6)-Trp His-(AA.sub.7)-(AA.sub.8) (XIV) in which: (AA.sub.6) represents an amino acid different from lysine, (AA.sub.7) represents an amino acid, (AA.sub.8) represents a serine or threonine residue, and .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of the free AA.sub.8 amino acid, represents an OH or NH.sub.2 group or an alkoxy radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a peptide sequence of formula (XV): -Val-.PSI. (XV) in which .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of valine, has the same meaning as for the formula (XII), or a peptide sequence of one of the formulae (XVI) to (XVIII): (Varous regions of SEQ ID NOS 1-16, respectively) -Z-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSer-.PSI. (XVI) Val-.SIGMA.-Z-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSerVal-.SIGMA.-.PSI. (XVII) Val-Z-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSerVal-.PSI. (XVIII) in which Z and .THETA. have the definition given for the formula (I) and .SIGMA. has the definition given for the formula (XII) and .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of serine, on the --CO-- residue of the AA.sub.8 amino acid or on the --CO-- residue of valine, has the same meaning as for the formula (XII).

When .OMEGA. represents a peptide sequence of one of the formulae (XVI) to (XVIII), the peptide of formula (I) becomes a dimer whose size may vary from 26 to 66 amino acids. When .OMEGA. does not represent a peptide sequence of one of the formulae (XVI) to (XVIII), the peptides of formula (I) are of the monomeric type and their size may vary from 13 to 33 amino acids.

The peptides according to the invention may be either in a linear form, or in a form cyclized by means of inter-cysteine disulphide bridges.

The compounds of formula (I) in which (AA.sub.5) represents either a valine residue, or a leucine residue, or a threonine residue are preferred, and when .OMEGA. corresponds to a peptide sequence of formula (XII), (AA.sub.6) represents either a glutamine residue or an arginine residue.

The peptides of formula (I) are preferred in which: .DELTA. represents a biotinyl radical, a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic chain which may contain one or two thiol, aldehyde or amine functional groups, the aliphatic chain preferably being an alkyl chain of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aminoalkylcarbonyl chain of 2 to 6 carbon atoms, Z represents a peptide sequence of formula (II) or (V), in which .XI..sub.1 represents a peptide sequence of two amino acids and .XI..sub.2 represents an amino acid, or a sequence of formula (IV), in which .XI..sub.1 represents three amino acids, or a peptide sequence of formula (VIII), in which .XI..sub.1 represents a peptide sequence of nine, eight or three amino acids and .XI..sub.2 a peptide sequence of five amino acids, .THETA. represents a peptide sequence of formula: -Lys Gly Arg Leu Val-(various regions of SEQ ID NOS, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 15 & 16, respectively), -Arg Gly Lys Ala Val-(various regions of SEQ ID NOS 1 & 6, respectively), -Arg Gly Arg Leu Val-(various regions of SEQ ID NOS, 2, 8, 11, 12, & 13, respectively), or -Arg Gly Arg Ala Val-(a region of SEQ ID NO: 14), and .OMEGA. represents a hydroxyl group, the peptide sequence (XV) or one of the following sequences which correspond to the peptide sequence of formula (XII): -Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr-.PSI.(various regions of SEQ ID NOS 11, 12, & 13, respectively) -Val Gln Trp Asn Glu Thr-.PSI.(various regions of SEQ ID NOS, 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, & 8, respectively) or -Val Gln Trp Asn Ser Thr-.PSI.(various regions of SEQ ID NOS 4, & 5, respectively).

Preferably, Z represents a peptide sequence of formula: -Leu Leu Ser Ser-(various regions of SEQ ID NOS 3, 4, 8 & 9, respectively) -Leu Leu Asn Ser-(various regions of SEQ ID NOS 6, 10, 11, 14, 15, & 20, respectively) -Leu Leu Gln Ser-(a region of SEQ ID NO: 5) -Arg Leu Asn Ser-(a region of SEQ ID NO:16) -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ser-(a region of SEQ ID:11) -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu-(a region of SEQ ID NO: 13) -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ile-(a region of SEQ ID NOS 14, 15 & 20, respectively) -Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser-(a region of SEQ ID NOS 14, 15% 20, respectively) or -Arg Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser-(a region of SEQ ID: 15)

Also forming part of the invention are the synthetic peptides comprising from 20 to 50 amino acids and corresponding to the formula (Ia): (various regions of SEQ ID NOS 1-16, respectively) .DELTA.-Z.sub.a-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSer-.OMEGA..sub.a (Ia) in which Z.sub.a represents a radical of formulae IIa to Xa: .XI..sub.1a-Ser-.XI..sub.2a (IIa) -Ser-.XI..sub.2a (IIIa) -.XI..sub.1a-Ser (IVa) .XI..sub.1a-Gln-.XI..sub.2a (Va) -Gln-.XI..sub.2a (VIa) .XI..sub.1a-Gln- (VIIa) .XI..sub.1a-Asn-.XI..sub.2a (VIIIa) -Asn-.XI..sub.2a (IXa) -.XI..sub.1a-Asn (Xa) in which: -.XI..sub.1a represents a peptide sequence of 1 to 5 amino acids and -.XI..sub.2a an amino acid, -.OMEGA..sub.a represents a peptide sequence of formula (XII), as defined for the formula (I), or a peptide sequence of formula (XVIIa): (various regions of SEQ ID NOS 1-16, respectively) Val-.SIGMA.-Z.sub.a-TrpGlyCys-.THETA.-CysTyrThrSerVal-.SIGMA.-.PSI. (XVIIa) in which Z.sub.a has the meaning given for the formula (Ia) and .DELTA., .THETA., .SIGMA. and .PSI. have the same meaning as for the formula (I):

The peptides of formula (I) or (Ia) including one of the following sequences (these peptides may be of the dimer type or of the monomer type as defined above) are preferred. The sequences are given according to the one- and three-letter nomenclatures:

TABLE-US-00001 (SEQ ID NO: 1) -LLSLWGCRGKAVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Lys Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 2) -LLSLWGCRGRLVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 3) -LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 4) -LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNST- or -Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Ser Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 5) -LLQSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNST- or -Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val GIn Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Ser Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 6) -LLNSWGCRGKAVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Lys Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 7) -LLSLWGCRGRAVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 8) -LLSSWGCRGRLVCYTSVQWNET- or -Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr- 22 (SEQ ID NO: 9) -LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTS- or -Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser- 1 5 10 15 (SEQ ID NO: 10) -LLNSWGCKGRLVCYTS- or -Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser- 1 5 10 15 (SEQ ID NO: 11) -ALETLLQNQQLLNSWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET- or -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr- 20 25 30 (SEQ ID NO: 12) -ALETLLQNQQLLNIWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET- or -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ile Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr- 20 25 30 (SEQ ID NO: 13) -ALETLLQNQQLLDLWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET- or -Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr- 20 25 30 (SEQ ID NO: 14) -LNQQRLLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV- or -Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr 1 5 10 15 Thr Ser Val- 20 (SEQ ID NO: 15) -RALETLLNQQRLLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV- or -Arg Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val- 20 25 (SEQ ID NO: 16) -RLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV- or -Arg Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val- 1 5 10 15 PEPTIDE No. 1 (2B): SEQ ID NO: 1 LLSLWGCRGKAVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Lys Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 2 (3B): SEQ ID NO: 2 LLSLWGCRGRLVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 3 (4B): SEQ ID NO: 3 LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 4 (5B): SEQ ID NO: 4 LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNST or Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Ser Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 5 (6B): SEQ ID NO: 5 LLQSWGCKGRLVCYTSVQWNST or Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Ser Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 6: SEQ ID NO: 6 LLNSWGCRGKAVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Lys Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 7: SEQ ID NO: 7 LLSLWGCRGRAVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Ser Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Ala Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 8 (7B): SEQ ID NO: 8 LLSSWGCRGRLVCYTSVQWNET or Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Gln Trp Asn 1 5 10 15 20 Glu Thr 22 PEPTIDE No. 9 (12B): SEQ ID NO: 9 LLSSWGCKGRLVCYTS or Leu Leu Ser Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser 1 5 10 15 PEPTIDE No. 10 (14B): SEQ ID NO: 10 LLNSWGCKGRLVCYTS or Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser 1 5 10 15 PEPTIDE No. 11 (18B): SEQ ID NO: 11 ALETLLQNQQLLNSWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET or Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr 20 25 30 PEPTIDE No. 12 (19B): SEQ ID NO: 12 ALETLLQNQQLLNIWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET or Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ile Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr 20 25 30 PEPTIDE No. 13 (20B): SEQ ID NO: 13 ALETLLQNQQLLDLWGCRGRLVCYTSVRWNET or Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu Trp Gly Cys Arg Gly 1 5 10 15 Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr 20 25 30 PEPTIDE No. 14 (21B): SEQ ID NO: 14 LNQQRLLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV or Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr 1 5 10 15 Thr Ser Val 20 PEPTIDE No. 15 (22B): SEQ ID NO: 15 RALETLLNQQRLLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV or Arg Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys 1 5 10 15 Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val 20 25 PEPTIDE No. 16 (23B): SEQ ID NO: 16 RLNSWGCKGRLVCYTSV or Arg Leu Asn Ser Trp Gly Cys Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Cys Tyr Thr Ser Val 1 5 10 15

The synthetic peptides of formula (I), which are the subject of the present invention, can be obtained by solid phase synthesis according to conventional methods: R. B. Merrifield, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. (1963), 85, pp. 2149-2154; R. C. Sheppard, in "Peptides 1971", Nesvadba H. (ed.) North Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 111; E. Atherton and R. L. Sheppard, in "Solid phase peptide synthesis, a practical approach", IRL PRESS, (1989), Oxford University Press, pp. 25-34. As automatic synthesizer, it is possible to use the synthesizer "9050 Plus Pep Synthesizer" from Millipore or an equivalent synthesizer.

The solid support used for the syntheses should be compatible with the technique and the chemistry used. For example, for a synthesis on the synthesizer "9050 Plus pep. Synthesizer", it is recommended to use a resin suitable for the so-called "continuous flow" technique; the PEG PS resins meet these criteria. These supports consist of an arm ("spacer") based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) situated between the functional group of the polystyrene beads and the point of attachment of the first amino acid. The nature of this point of anchorage may vary according to the C-terminal functional group chosen. In the present case, various PEG-PS resins were used.

The starting resin and the amino acids used as raw materials are products which are commercially available (PerSeptive-Biosystem, or Neosystem).

For the peptide synthesis, the following side chain protecting groups were used:

TABLE-US-00002 Amino acids Protecting group Arginine Pentamethyl-2,2,4,6,7-dihydrobenzofuran-5- sulphonyl (Pbf) Asparagine, Glutamine Trityl (Trt) Cysteine Trityl (Trt) or Acetamidomethyl (Acm) Serine, Threonine, tert-Butyl ether (tBu) Tyrosine Lysine, Tryptophan tert-Butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)

The temporary protection of the primary amine functional group at the .alpha. position of the amino acids which is used is the 9-fluorenylmethyloxylcarbonyl (Fmoc) group. The deprotection is carried out with a 20% solution of piperidine in dimethylformamide.

For the coupling, an excess of diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIPCDI) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HOBt) is preferably used.

After synthesis, the resin is washed with organic solvents (dimethylformamide, followed by dichloromethane), dried under vacuum and then treated with a trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)-based solution cooled to 0.degree. C. and containing appropriate "scavengers". There may be used, for example, the K reagent containing 82% of trifluoroacetic acid, 5% of phenol, 5% of water, 5% of thioanisole and 3% of ethanedithiol.

After filtration of the resin, the synthetic peptides are precipitated and rinsed with ether.

The synthetic peptides are then purified by reversed phase liquid chromatography and their purity is determined by mass spectrometry. As solid phase, it is possible to use, for example, the Bondapak C-18 phase. The peptides are eluted by forming a linear gradient between two buffer solutions, the first which is essentially aqueous (for example water-TFA 0.1%) and the second which is rather organic (for example a mixture containing 60% acetonitrile, 39.92% water and 0.08% TFA). The pure fractions collected are combined, concentrated under vacuum and freeze-dried.

For the cyclization, the purified synthetic peptides are dissolved in an ammonium acetate solution (10 mM). The pH is adjusted to 8.5 by addition of 1 M ammonium hydroxide. The solution is vigorously stirred. The cyclization is complete after 18 hours. The pH is then reduced to 6 by addition of acetic acid. The cyclized peptides are freeze-dried and then purified by reversed phase liquid chromatography as described above.

The immunoreactivity of the peptides of the invention was evaluated with the aid of sera from patients predominantly of Cameroonian origin infected with group O HIV-1 retroviruses. The various tests carried out demonstrated that the peptides of the invention, alone or in combination (compositions of peptides), make it possible to detect 100% of the sera infected with group O HIV-1 retroviruses.

The synthetic peptides of the invention therefore find application in immunological tests for the screening of infections due to group O HIV-1 retroviruses. It is also possible to use combinations of several synthetic peptides of formula I. These combinations, which may contain two or more peptides of formula I, also form part of the invention. Combinations containing peptides No. 1 (2B) and No.3 (4B) are preferred.

It is also possible to use synthetic peptides of formula (I) of the present invention in combination with group O HIV-1 recombinant peptides (recombinant proteins) as can be obtained by conventional methods and having the sequences described, for example in application EP 0,591,914. Such compositions are also within the scope of the present invention.

The synthetic peptides of the invention can also be used in combination with other HIV-2 and/or HIV-1 recombinant (recombinant proteins) or synthetic peptides, such as the peptides described in patent applications or patents EP 0,387,914, EP 0,239,425, EP 0,220,273 or EP 0,267,802. This list of patent applications or patents is not exhaustive and is given by way of example.

The compositions containing one or more synthetic peptides of formula (I) and one or more HIV-1 or HIV-2 recombinant or synthetic peptides find application in diagnosis for the screening of patients infected with various HIV retroviruses. These compositions also form part of the present invention.

Immunoassay methods using one or more synthetic peptides of formula (I), alone or in combination with group O HIV-1 recombinant peptides or HIV-1 and/or HIV-2 recombinant or synthetic peptides, also form part of the invention.

The invention also relates to kits, for carrying out immunoassays, which include a peptide of formula (I) or a composition which contains at least one peptide of formula (I).
 

Claim 1 of 11 Claims

1. Synthetic peptides in linear form, or cyclized by means of inter-cysteine disulphide bridges, having the general formula (I): .DELTA.-Z-Trp Gly Cys (residues 5 to 7 of SEQ ID NO: 1)-.THETA.-Cys Tyr Thr Ser (residues 13 to 16 of SEQ ID NO: 1)-.OMEGA. (I) wherein: .DELTA. is selected from the group consisting of a biotinyl radical, a biocytinyl radical, a hydrogen atom, an acetyl (CH.sub.3CO--) radical, an aliphatic chain which may contain one or two thiol, an aldehyde functional group and an amine functional group, Z is a peptide sequence selected from the group consisting of: Leu Leu Ser Ser (residues 1 to 4 of SEQ ID NO: 3), Leu Leu Asn Ser (residues 1 to 4 of SEQ ID NO: 6), Arg Leu Asn Ser (residues 1 to 4 of SEQ ID NO: 16), Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ser (residues 1 to 14 of SEQ ID NO: 11), Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asp Leu (residues 1 to 14 of SEQ ID NO: 13), Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Gln Asn Gln Gln Leu Leu Asn Ile (residues 1 to 14 of SEQ ID NO: 12), Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser (residues 1 to 9 of SEQ ID NO: 14), and Arg Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Leu Asn Gln Gln Arg Leu Leu Asn Ser (residues 1 to 15 of SEQ ID NO: 15), .THETA. is a peptide sequence selected from the group consisting of: Arg Gly Arg Leu Val (residues 8 to 12 of SEQ ID NO: 2), Arg Gly Lys Leu Ile (SEQ ID NO: 17), Arg Gly Lys Leu Val (SEQ ID NO: 18), and Lys Gly Arg Leu Val (residues 8 to 12 of SEQ ID NO: 3), .OMEGA., attached to the --CO-- group of Ser, is selected from the group consisting of: a hydroxyl group and a peptide sequence of formula Val-.PSI., Val Arg Trp Asn Glu Thr-.PSI.(residues 27-32 of SEQ ID NO: 11), Val Gln Trp Asn Glu Thr-.PSI.(residues 27 to 32 of SEQ ID NO: 1), and Val Gln Trp Asn Ser Thr-.PSI.(residues 27 to 32 of SEQ ID NO: 4), wherein .PSI., attached to the --CO-- residue of Val or Thr, is selected from the group consisting of a OH group, a NH.sub.2 group, and an alkoxy radical comprising from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

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