A composition for the treatment of diabetes in a subject in need thereof, comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fiber of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, a process thereof and also, a method of treating diabetes.

Description of the Invention

SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The present invention relates to a synergistic composition for the treatment of diabetes in a subject in need thereof, said composition-comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fibre of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, a process thereof and also, a method of treating diabetes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a synergistic composition for the treatment of diabetes in a subject in need thereof, said composition-comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fibre of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, a process thereof and also, a method of treating diabetes.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invention relates to a synergistic composition for the treatment of diabetes in a subject in need thereof, said composition-comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fibre of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the amino acids are selected from a group comprising L-arginine, Leucine, Isoleucine, and 4-Hydroxyisoleucine.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the soluble fiber is galactomannan.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the additives are extracted from the same fenugreek which comprises of a group containing galactomannan.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the diabetes is Type II diabetes.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the composition is obtained from plant Fenugreek.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the composition is free of adverse effects.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a synergistic composition from plant fenugreek comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fibre of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, said process consisting steps of: flaking fenugreek seeds, extracting the flaked seeds with hydro-alcohol, concentrating the extract under vacuum to remove alcohol, extracting the concentrate with n-hexane to remove fats and lipids, diluting the defatted concentrated, filtration of the diluted extract to remove insolubles to obtain resultant, filtering the resultant through column chromatography to elute amino-acids, and Trigonelline, and adding fibre of fenugreek into the amino acids and Trigonelline to obtain the synergistic composition.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the extraction is at temperature ranging between 20 to 70.degree. C., preferably 35.degree. C.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the flakes are of size of about 15 mm.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein hydro alcohol is isopropyl alcohol and water in equal ratio.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the extraction is for time duration ranging between 3 to 24 hours, preferably 12 hours.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the amino acids are selected from a group comprising L-arginine, Leucine, Isoleucine, and 4-Hydroxyisoleucine.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the column chromatography is Ion exchange chromatography.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the fibre is Galactomannan.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invention relates to a method of treating diabetes in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising step of administering pharmaceutically acceptable amount of composition comprising Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60%, and soluble fibre of concentration ranging between 10 to 60%, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, to the subject.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein administration of the synergistic composition is at dosage ranging between 50 to 2000 mg/kg body weight.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein method shows hypoglycemic effect of about 50%.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method shows about 300% increase in the viability of the islets.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method maintains the morphology of the pancreatic cells.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the synergistic composition is administered orally.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the synergistic composition acts at the pancreas through potassium channel mediated insulin secretion.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invention relates to a method of treating diabetes in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising step of administering pharmaceutically acceptable amount of Trigonelline, amino acids and galactomannan fibers, optionally along with pharmaceutically acceptable additives, to the subject.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the additives are extracted from the same fenugreek which comprises of a group containing galactomannan.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the diabetes is type II diabetes.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the composition is free of adverse effects.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the invention relates the administration of the synergistic composition is at dosage ranging between 50 to 2000 mg/kg body weight.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method shows hypoglycemic effect of about 35%.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method shows about 300% increase in the viability of the islets.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the method maintains the morphology of the pancreatic cells.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein Trigonelline, amino acids and galactomannan fibers, is administered orally.

In still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein Trigonelline, amino acids and galactomannan fibers act at the pancreas through potassium channel mediated insulin secretion.

The comparative results of fenugreek seed powder (whole), and the composition of the instant application are shown below (see Original Patent) to establish inventiveness of the application.

The aforementioned table clearly shows that the inventors have been able to reach the right combination of selective components of the fenugreek. In addition, the right combination is further supported by the inventiveness in using appropriate concentration ranges of each of the three components of the composition. This makes the invention both novel and inventive in nature.

Further, the activity analysis of all the components of fenugreek showed very interesting data. The activity was restricted to only a couple of components. Also, synergy was observed by a selective combination of three components of the composition. The same is elaborated with the help of experimental data as given below (see Original Patent).

The aforementioned results clearly establish synergy of the composition. The activity is much more that the mere additive effect of individual components. Rather, it is very clearly reflected in the data that the non-active components are bringing down the activity of the active components. Therefore, elimination of the inactive components led to significant increase in the overall activity.

Apart from the synergy as observed in the invention, the composition leads to increase in the pancreatic beta cell mass increase in a subject. There is no other data available in accordance to our knowledge, wherein the beta cell mass increase is been attained. This provides an indication of physiological significance of instant composition. In addition, there is an increase of about 300% in the viability of the islets. Thus further supplements the physiological changes required to provide a holistic benefit to a subject in thereof.

Thus, the composition is not only effective in new cases of diabetes mellitus, but also, would be effective in management of patients with resistance to other generation 1, 2, and 3 drugs.

The current method of management of blood sugar in diabetes mellitus does not lend itself for long-term use due to side effects. Long-term complications of Diabetes are also well known and there are no effective remedies for them. Therefore, there is always a need for development of new compounds for the management of blood sugar.

Fenugreek Seed is known to possess anticholesterol and antidiabetic activities. However the compounds responsible for effective antidiabetic properties have not been clearly elucidated and studied in detail in human subjects. Fenugreek Seed contains, among other, several compounds such as:

1. Host of Amino Acids

2. Volatile flavor compounds

3. Fixed oils

4. Soluble fibers like galactomannan

5. Trigonelline

6. Various Saponins

Apparently some of these in combination are responsible for antidiabetic properties and some others in combination are responsible for lipid lowing qualities.

Earlier studies cited in this patent refer to seed powder and seed fibers administered in large quantities to obtain some glycemic control. However, the level of control demonstrated is not good enough to offer clinically significant glycemic control, which can be taken advantage of by subject suffering from type 2 diabetes.

An amino acid (4 Hydroxyisoleucine) found in the seed has a property to increase insulin secretion in glucose mediated way. This has been tested extensively in animals. However there is no study done in human subjects suffering from diabetes type 2 to understand the impact of this amino acid in the management of this type 2 diabetes along with safety for long-term administration.

It is known from published studies that certain amino acids like Leucine improves insulin secretion response among type 2 diabetes. They have not assumed the role of mainstream medication as yet. Perhaps, this branched chain amino acid (4 Hydroxyisoleucine) behaves in a manner similar to Leucine.

The present invention is about identification of individual compounds of Fenugreek seed that have beneficiary effect in the case of type 2 diabetes. The present invention illustrates the method for extraction of a compound from Fenugreek seed, resulting in a combination of certain molecules that act in tandem and with synergy and leads to effective control of blood glucose in subjects suffering from type 2 diabetes. The present invention explains the composition of matter of the extract derived from Fenugreek seed.

The varieties that have high biological activities in mice were identified and subjected to extraction to understand individual compounds present. It is found that these varieties are rich in: 1. Amino acids 2. Trigonelline 3. Soluble Fiber galactomannan.

The amino acids found in this seeds are L-arginine, leucine, isoleucine and 4-Hydroxyisoleucine. It was decided to work with seed screened for optimal activity. Thin layer chromatographic method was developed to screen for amino acids and Trigonelline. A quantitative method was developed for checking soluble fiber.

It was decided to work with the seeds whose ratios were optimum, after establishing the amino acids content and Trigonelline content by TLC methods.

The seeds were subjected to flaking and hydro alcohol extraction at temperatures ranging from 20.degree. C. to 70.degree. C. and alcohol composition ranging from 50% to 90% (the remaining being de-mineralized water) for a period ranging from 3 hours to 24 hours, preferably about 12 hours. The clear, filtered extract is concentrated to a predefined volume so as to remove maximum alcohol and diluted to a predetermined volume with water. The resulting solution is subjected to fine filtration followed by Ion exchange chromatography.

The process of known prior art of ion exchange chromatography was used except for the selection of the ion exchange resin, which can bind both Trigonelline as well as amino acids completely and the resin selection was made in such a way that the compounds eluted in the same medium without leaving any traces on the resin.

The elutes were again passed through another weak acid Cation exchange resin in H.sup.+ form to selectively remove the metabolites and impurities formed during the isolation, concentration and elution process. This part exclusively removes the smelly cyclisation products of 4 Hydroxy Isoleucine and the Keto-methyl 4 Hydroxy valeric acid.

The resultant elute contained only amino acids and Trigonelline. The liquor obtained was spray dried on co-current equipment having a disc atomizer with a speed of 30,000 rpm. The resultant powder was in a fine granular form, which can be readily formulated after standardization.

In the above-mentioned process, the ratio of the active biomolecules, which were present in the original form i.e. seed, was maintained in totality in the finished product. This was an important criterion for the activity of the said composition. The said formulation, after mixing with suitable carriers (preferably the Fenugreek fiber as the carrier), was subjected to animal studies as well as human studies on diabetic subjects having very high glycosylated Haemoglobin values.

Claim 1 of 7 Claims

1. A method of treating diabetic nephropathy in a subject in need thereof, said method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising: Trigonelline of concentration ranging between 20 to 30 weight-%, amino acids of concentration ranging between 20 to 60 weight-%, and soluble fiber of concentration ranging between 10 to 60 weight-%, wherein the trigonelline, amino acids and soluble fiber are from fenugreek; and optionally, a pharmaceutically acceptable additive.

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